Various infection processes like cell lysis and integration into the host genome or remaining dormant are caused by the DNA duplex generated. Hybridization of the primer binding site of the second strand takes place with the primer binding site of the first strand at the complementary sequences.Įnzyme integrase incorporates the extended strands into the host genome. In the next step extension of the first strand of complementary DNA take place and there is a degradation of RNA takes place by RNase H. Once the U5 and R regions are degraded the primer jumps to the 3’ end of viral RNA and now the cDNA which is newly synthesized. RNase H which is a domain found on the reverse transcriptase enzyme helps in the degradation and subsequent removal of the 5’ U5 and R regions of the RNA. In the next step the complementary DNA binds to a non-coding region which is known as U5 region and at the same time to a direct repeat which occurs at both the ends of RNA molecule and this region is known as the R- region. The process of reverse transcription in viruses involves the following step −įirst Transfer RNA which is cell-specific acts as a primer and anneals itself to the complementary part of the viral genome and this part is known as the primer binding site (PBS). With all these processes one more process takes place in viruses where genetic material is RNA, in such organisms a complementary DNA (cDNA) is formed from a template RNA by an enzyme called reverse transcriptase. The third process involves the translation of messages on RNA to a polypeptide chain with a particular amino acid in the ribosomes. The second process is transcription, which is the process by which a genetic message present in the DNA is copied into an RNA. The first process is replication, the copying of parental DNA to form daughter DNA molecules with identical nucleotide sequences. Donec aliquet.The central dogma of molecular biology stated the utilization of genetic information. Fusce dui lectus, congue vel laoreet ac, dictum vitae odio. Nam risus ante, dapibus a molestie consequat, ultrices ac magna. Nam lacinia pulvinar tortor nec facilisis. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
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